Author: chibueze uchegbu

The health benefits of unripe plantain are worthwhile and cannot be overestimated.

Unripe plantain is also known as cooking banana has been a delicious food for most people especially those from African Continent, with the intriguing belief that the food is rich in iron.

Introduction on the health benefits of unripe plantain

The Health Benefits of unripe plantain cannot be over-stressed. Notwithstanding, Plantain generally is enriched with essential minerals, vitamins, and phytochemical components which makes it ideal for consumption.

The health benefits of unripe plantain cannot be complete without considering its nutritional value.

The nutritional values of unripe plantain

A Serving Size of 1 medium (179g) raw unripe (green) plantain contains:

It is essential to note that the nutritional values might slightly change after cooking.

According to a 2015 study published in the Journal of Food Science and Technology, flour made from plantain peel is a very good source of antioxidants, dietary fibre.

The unripe plantain can be used for different dishes and can be prepared for porridge, roasted, boiled, or taken with other meals.

Unripe plantain is used for chips or processed as flour. Plantain flour is lower in calories than regular all-purpose flour.

This versatile crop is low in fat. Its low-fat content makes it perfect for people suffering from cholesterol-related ailments like diabetes and obesity.

11 health benefits of unripe plantain you must know

• Promotes healthy heart
• Unripe plantain is essential for stronger bones and teeth
• Unripe Plantain is essential in Ulcer condition
• Good For Weight Management
• Can Help In Managing Diabetes
• Unripe plantain boosts Sexual Performance
• Beneficial For Brain Health and memory
• Helps fight constipation and improve bowel movement
• Treatment of Anaemia and Neuritis
• It helps in mopping up free radicals

Boosts Immune System

Unripe plantain is enriched in protective nutrients including vitamin A, B6, and C, which help strengthen your immune system and fight against free radicals. It mimics the action of glutathione.

Free radicals lead to diseases like premature aging diseases and cancer with a regular intake of unripe plantain which is a good source of vitamin C and a good antioxidant.

In the same vein, constant intake of plantain can help to develop the immune system due to vitamin A constituent

Promotes healthy heart

The heart is an essential blood pumping machine in the body and when unhealthy can affect the total system physiology.

Is no doubt that unripe plantain contains some amount of serotonin which is also known as the happy chemical in the body it can serve as a vaso-dilator or vaso-constrictor depending on the form and its binding receptors.

It promotes blood flow and reduces the risk of homocysteine which involves a disease condition that leads to coronary artery diseases and stroke.

Potassium contained in plantain also plays a vital role in preventing heart attack and hypertension.

In the same vein, plantain fiber helps in decreasing cholesterol levels, thus decreasing the risk of cardiovascular disorders.

Unripe plantain is essential for stronger bones and teeth

The medicinal or health benefits of unripe plantain can be seen in the bone where it functions in strengthening both bones and teeth.

This wonderful plant has a high calcium constituent and thus makes it aid in strengthening our bones and also enhances stronger muscles, teeth, and nails.

For a strong bone, you need an unripe plantain meal.

Unripe Plantain is essential in Ulcer condition

It is an excellent food for anyone suffering from ulcers.

Unripe plantain contains probiotics and other phytochemicals that can help heal wounds in the wall of the intestines.

Although ulcer is caused by helicobacter pylori, the probiotics cannot kill the bacteria rather it helps in reducing the acidic content of the stomach and equally promote healing to the wounds caused by the bacteria.

Good For Weight Management

Unripe plantain is rich in fiber and complex carbs (resistance starch), which digest more slowly, thus keeping you more full and satisfied for longer after eating. Its high fiber content makes it a great constipation reliever. And it also eases bowel movement.

Also, it provides relief from hemorrhoids and other  digestive conditions like diverticulitis

And therefore you’re less likely to go hungry or snack in-between meals, which makes it an excellent weight management food.

Can Help In Managing Diabetes

In relation to weight management, unripe plantains are low in sugar compared to ripe ones, thus making it a fantastic food for anyone managing diabetes.

Also, its high fiber content can help regulate blood sugar, in addition to that, its low-fat content is essential for the enhanced binding of insulin to its receptors.

Unripe plantain boosts Sexual Performance

Unripe plantain can boost libido in both men and women. If poor libido level is a worry for you, then you must eat plenty of unripe plantains. Studies have proven that it can enhance sexual performance.

It also increases the quality and quantity of a man’s sperm and enhances egg development in women, thus, it boosts fertility.

Beneficial For Brain Health and memory

Unripe plantain is beneficial for healthy brain function because it’s a rich source of Vitamin B6.

Vitamin B6 is a key nutrient responsible for generating important neurotransmitters, which transmit information from one cell to another.

Helps fight constipation and improve bowel movement

If you have issues passing out waste, then you need to turn to unripe plantain.

Plantain consumption can greatly help in preventing constipation.

A good amount can make bowel movement better and easier, which in turn, would ease your constipation worries.

Plantain is very rich in fiber which makes it good for consumption as it will help to prevent conditions that irritate the bowel and also prevent constipation, bloating, and other related health conditions associated with improper

Treatment of Anaemia and Neuritis

Plantain contains the mineral iron (when unripe) and vitamin B6 which plays a major role in the adequate production of red blood cells in the body and as well prevents anemia and neuritis which manifests when they are deficient in the body.

It is advisable for those suffering from anemia and neuritis to eat enough plantain as it will serve as a cure and also as a preventive measure.

It helps in mopping up free radicals

Free radicals in the body can be because of alcohol, tobacco, smoke, or any other precipitant that may cause cell damage or degeneration.

One of the natural of mopping free radicals that can lead to diseases like premature aging diseases and cancer is a regular intake of vitamin C, which is a good antioxidant. Unripe Plantain is one of the best vitamin C foods around.

Where to find unripe plantain?

Plantains can be found in different regions around the globe however, they are believed to have originated in Southeast Asia.

Two groups of plantains are thought to have a common origin: the horn plantain and the French plantain.

Both types grow in India, Africa, Egypt, and tropical America. The French plantains also occur in Indonesia and the islands of the Pacific.

Fortunately, plantains can also be found easily in the local stores, supermarkets, and grocery stores.

How many weeks does it take plantain to mature?

It takes 56 to 80 weeks for plantain to mature and it takes about 16 weeks to 32 weeks for the fruit to develop and mature.

The development, growth, and maturity of plantains are dependent on different factors ranging from but are not limited to species, climate, method of planting, and the region.

Understanding these would give you a better insight to know and prepare for the time of harvest.

Conclusion on the health benefits of unripe plantain

The health benefits of cooking bananas are not limited to the ones listed above however, there has not been enough scientific backing on some of the importance of unripe plantain to health. The different health attributes of unripe plantain are worthwhile.

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The 10 best medical universities in Nigeria are discussed in this article for better understanding and guidelines through your academic journey.

If you intend to study in any of the Nigerian universities and medicine is the passion driving you, you are the luckiest to have stumbled into this article that will guide you right.

Medicine and surgery education in Nigeria is a course that is accompanied by a lot of egos because of its future potential and limitless opportunities.

Having the right information on the best medical universities in Nigeria is a clever approach to reaching your goals.

Introduction to the 10 best medical universities in Nigeria

Along the future potentials and responsibilities is the accompanying task that must be overcome before the prestigious certificate of Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery ( M B B S) will be awarded to the one who merits it.

Today, we are going to give you a little gist on the top 10 best medical universities in Nigeria

It wasn’t an easy task compiling the list of these 10 best medical universities in Nigeria, because of their competitiveness and the quality of their products and training facilities.

We hope these will satisfy your silent and salient questions. These institutions apart from their undergraduate programs also offer postgraduate courses in medicine

 10 Best medical universities in Nigeria

• University Of Ibadan
• University Of Lagos
• Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife
• The University Of Ilorin
• Ahmadu Bello University
• University Of Nigeria Nsukka
• College Of Medicine, Lagos State University
• Delta State University, Abraka College Of Health Sciences
• Ambrose Ali University, Ekpoma
• The University Of Benin

Our list would start with:

The University Of Ibadan is among the best medical universities in Nigeria

This is the premier university, the first university established in Nigeria.

It is located in the ancient city of Ibadan, Oyo State in the southwestern part of  Nigeria, and boasts of quality lecturers and consultant teachers. It has been accredited by Nigeria medical and Dental Council (NMDC) to produce 100 plus medical doctors every year.

The university college hospital ( teaching hospital) in Ibadan can boast of heavy medical equipment in her possession that aids the teaching and learning processes in the school and is also recognized for her robust teaching curriculum.

It is adjudged to be the best medical school in Nigeria by popular opinion and standards over the years. Her medical students spend six years in training and an extra year interning in the hospitals before their permanent licenses are awarded to them for practice.

The college of medicine has four faculties which include:

• Faculty of basic medical sciences
• Faculty of clinical sciences
• Faculty of dentistry
• The faculty of public health.

If you want to be trained in the University of Ibadan as a doctor, then you must be ready to pass JAMB with no minimum of 250 scores and pass your Post JAMB  well above the school prescribed cut off and your O level with good distinctions, so as to increase your chance of getting into the medical school, as competition here is quite high. The cost of tuition is cheap because it is a federal-owned institution.

University Of Lagos is among the best medical universities in Nigeria

This institution can proudly be said to be among the 10 best medical universities in Nigeria

When you talk of universities specializing in training research-minded medical doctors in Nigeria, the college of Medicine of the University of Lagos comes to mind.

The college is located in the commercial city of Lagos Nigeria. The university is also recognized for its excellent teachers and a well-organized teaching curriculum.

It is the second-best medical school in Nigeria by popular opinion and standards. Her teaching Hospital, Lagos University Teaching Hospital is one of the best tertiary healthcare facilities in the whole country, because of her high-tech medical equipment and dedication to resolving medical mysteries through practical researches mostly funded by the federal government, private individuals, and the university.

Her medical students spend six years in training and an extra year interning in the hospitals before their permanent licenses are awarded to them for practice.

Her college of medicine has three faculties which include:

• Faculty of basic medical sciences
• Faculty of clinical sciences
• Faculty of dentistry

If you want to be trained in the University of Lagos as a doctor, just like the University of Ibadan then you must be ready to pass JAMB with no minimum 250 scores and pass your Post JAMB well above the school prescribed cut off which is mostly 25 out of 30 points and your O level with good distinctions, so as to increase your chance of getting into the medical school, as competition here is very high. The cost of tuition is cheap because it is a federal-owned institution.

Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife among the best medical universities in Nigeria

O.A.U as popularly abbreviated is located in the ancestral town of the Yoruba-speaking nation of southwest Nigeria, Ile Ife in the Present Osun State.

Its college hospital has a history of treating diseases and cases that have medically proven stubborn in the medical cycles.

It featured in the best medical universities in Nigeria because of her ability to produce up-to-date medical doctors that have a wide understanding of medical technicalities and know how to handle them. She has a well-equipped teaching hospital and updated lecturers and curriculum.

Her medical students also spend a minimum of six years in training and an extra year interning in the hospitals before their permanent licenses are awarded to them for practice. The cost of tuition is cheap because it is a federal-owned institution.

Her college of medicine has four faculties which include:

• Faculty of basic medical sciences
• Faculty of clinical sciences
• Faculty of dentistry
• Institute of public health

If you want to be trained in the OAU as a doctor, just like the University of Lagos, you must be ready to pass JAMB and post JAMB to afford you the opportunity of being admitted into the institution.

University of Ilorin is among the best medical universities in Nigeria

The University of Ilorin is located in the landmark city of Ilorin in Kwara State, North Central part of Nigeria.

The university is believed to be one of the 10 best medical universities in Nigeria.

The university which for some years has denounced ASUU, (an association for university academic staff popularly known for their frequent strike actions that end up interrupting academic activities) till 2020 has always enjoyed an uninterrupted academic calendar. One can estimate the periods it will take him/her to be trained as a doctor.

The Hospital, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital has proven to be a reliable healthcare provider and training facility for her student doctors. Studying medicine here is not different from studying medicine anywhere else in the world.

The college can boast of two faculties which include:

• Faculty of basic medical sciences
• Faculty of clinical sciences

If you want to be trained at the University of Ilorin, then you must be ready to pass JAMB and post JAMB to afford you the opportunity of being admitted into the institution.

Ahmadu Bello University among the best medical universities in Nigeria

This school prides itself as one of the top 10 medical universities in Nigeria. It is located in the northern part of the country, precisely Zaria Ancient city in the present-day Kaduna State Nigeria.

It is the biggest medical school in northern Nigeria and prides itself on its ability to churn out quality doctors.

If you want to be trained at Ahmadu Bello University as a doctor, then you must be ready to pass JAMB and post JAMB to afford you the opportunity of being admitted into the institution.

The University of Nigeria Nsukka among the best medical universities in Nigeria

This university is ranked number six among the top 10 medical universities in Nigeria. It is the biggest medical school in the eastern part of the country.

It is located in the university town of Nsukka in the present Enugu State Nigeria. The college is dedicated to training doctors of repute who have taken their place in the medical sphere, in Nigeria, and around the globe.

The university has a competent teaching hospital that has been instrumental in the successes they have recorded while training their Doctors.

There are three medical faculties in the college, namely:

• The faculty of medical science
• The faculty of dentistry
• Faculty of health science and technology

If you want to be trained in the UNN as a doctor, then you must be ready to pass JAMB and post JAMB  with a very high score, much above the recommended cut-off to afford you the opportunity of being admitted into the institution. It is also cheap and affordable being a federal institution

Lagos state university among the best medical universities in Nigeria

This is a Lagos state-owned institution. Naturally, state-owned institutions are worlds apart compared to federal institutions. 

Lagos State University has proven the popular trend wrong as it stands high among the 10 best universities to study medicine in Nigeria, even ahead of many other federal institutions.

Her hospital facility, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) is among the choice location for healthcare within the country.

Unlike other state-owned institutions, completion quite high owing to her location. The cost of schooling here is quite high, unlike her federal colleagues. Graduates from this university spend a minimum of six years in training and an extra year interning in the hospitals before their permanent licenses are awarded to them for practice

There are three medical faculties in the college, namely:

• The faculty of basic medical science
• The faculty of clinical science
• The faculty of dentistry

To be admitted to this school, you must be ready to pass JAMB and post JAMB with a very high score, much above the recommended cut off

Delta state university Abraka among the best medical universities in Nigeria

This school is located in Abraka Delta State Nigeria. Once you talk about excellence in medical education in Nigeria, Abraka must come to mind.

The school has a large number of seasoned professors that do their best in replicating themselves in their students.

There are currently four faculties in this college, namely :

• Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
• Family medicine
• Anatomy
• Medicine

Admission to this school is quite competitive, therefore a high score in JAMB and PUME is recommended. The cost of tuition is also high due to the fact that is owned by a State Government.

Ambrose Ali University Ekpoma is among the best medical universities in Nigeria

This school is located in the present-day Edo state. It is owned by Edo State University. It is owned by Edo State Government.

The school made the list of our top 10 medical universities in Nigeria because of its consistency in producing medical doctors who have proven to be lifesavers in the nation.

The cost of schooling here is not as low as the cost of the federal universities, but trust us you will have the value for your parted cash.

The college awards the following degrees,

• Medical Physiology
• Medical Laboratory Science
• MBBS Medicine and Surgery.

Admission to this school is quite competitive; therefore a high score in JAMB and PUME can only give one a head start towards being a doctor trained in this school

University of Benin among the best medical universities in Nigeria

Just like Ambrose Ali University, this school is also located in Edo State precisely in the capital city of Benin.

It is a federal-owned university with a reputation for training capable hands in the health sector. It is a popular destination for prospective medical minds.

The school has won its place among the top 10 medical universities in Nigeria, because of its extensive facilities and capable hands that have been involved over the years to make out the best of these doctors. Admission to this school is very high, therefore a high score in JAMB and PUME is highly recommended.

The school is cheaper in terms of tuition because it is owned by the federal government.

Note:

• All the schools in this list have been fully accredited by the Nigeria Medical And Dental Council (NMDC).
• The average training period in this institution is six years all things being equal, With an additional year of internship in a tertiary health care facility

Conclusion on the best medical universities in Nigeria 

The best medical universities in Nigeria listed in this article are worthwhile, and they are in no specific order of ranking.

We recommend you follow the links provided in this article for your individual research and the specific requirements of the universities.

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The biggest hospital in India plays a major role in the health care sector of the Country.

Is no doubt that there are variations in people’s understandings of the biggest hospital in  India, but in this blog post, you will learn why some hospitals are considered bigger and better than others.

Over the years, Indian hospitals have gained a global reputation as medical hubs, where patients get excellent healthcare facilities and treatments at affordable prices.

Overview of the biggest hospitals in India

Most big hospitals in India are bestowed with the newest and wonderful technologies, which make them, stand out in taking care of patients.

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For a hospital to be rated higher than the other, or recognized before another hospital, there are essential factors or features that are to be considered. It will be worthwhile we look at some of the factors in the list of the biggest hospitals in India.

7 biggest hospitals in India

• AIIMS (All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences), New Delhi
• РGІМЕR (Роѕtgrаduаtе Іnѕtіtutе оf Меdісаl Еduсаtіоn & Rеѕеаrсh), Сhаndіgаrh
• Fortis Hospital, Kolkata
• Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi
• СМС (Сhrіѕtіаn Меdісаl Соllеgе), Vеllоrе
• Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai
• Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai

AIIMS (All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences), New Delhi

All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in New Delhi through its efforts in improving health is presented as the biggest hospital in India. AIIMS was established in 1956 and is currently the leading medical institute in India with over 1700 hospital beds.

Іt hаѕ rаnkеd first in Іndіаn hospital rаnkіngs for different articles, there is no doubt that All India institute of medical sciences is the best and biggest hospital in India. The technological advancement, patients care and amazing departments in AIIMS makes it stand out as the biggest hospital in India.

AIIMS Address: Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi 110029

Phone Number: 011 2658 8500

AIIMS Website: www.aiims.edu

РGІМЕR (Роѕtgrаduаtе Іnѕtіtutе оf Меdісаl Еduсаtіоn & Rеѕеаrсh), Сhаndіgаrh

Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) was established in 1962 with over 280 hospital beds.

This hospital provides high-quality health services to all sections of the people and has attained self-sufficiency regarding post-graduate medical research in India.

Іn late 2014, РGІМЕR іntrоduсеd Rоbоtіс Аѕѕіѕtеd Ѕurgеrу іn Іndіа fоr раtіеntѕ ѕuffеring frоm urіnаrу tract infections and diseases.

РGІМЕR Address: Madhya Marg, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India

Phone: 0172 274 7585

Fortis Hospital, Kolkata

Fortis Hospital, Kolkata was established in the year 1999 with over 300 hospital beds and is endowed with the latest medical equipment in the medical field.

It offers excellent infrastructure to the patients and provides 24 hours emergency services to critical patients. Also, fortis has over 30 medical doctors.

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) includes Coronary Care Unit, Medical Intensive Care Unit and is furnished with over 70 beds.

The hospital offers treatment facilities for foetal medicine, internal medicine, radiology, oncology, rheumatology, dermatology, endocrinology, paediatrics and neonatology among other specialities

Fortis Hospital Address: 730, Eastern Metropolitan Bypass, Anandapur, East Kolkata Twp, Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India

website: fortishealthcare.com

Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi

Apollo Hospital was Established in 1983 with 710 hospital beds, it is believed to have pioneered the integrated healthcare service in Asia.

Indraprastha Apollo Hospital has maintained excellence in research, education and healthcare for the benefit of humanity.

Being а brаnсh оf Ароllо Grоuр, соnѕіdеrеd аѕ thе lаrgеѕt tеlеmеdісіnе рrоvіdеr іn Іndіа. Тhіѕ ѕuреr ѕресіаltу hоѕріtаl соvеrѕ оvеr 50 ѕurgісаl аnd mеdісаl dіѕсірlіnеѕ аlоng wіth іtѕ mоdеrn tесhnоlоgies.

The Indraprastha Apollo Hospital is characterized by a warm patient-centric approach, technological superiority and research facilities. It specializes in Neurosciences, Orthopaedics, Cancer, Cardiac Sciences and Organ Transplantation.

Address: Delhi Highway, Mathura Rd, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, Delhi 110076, India.

СМС (Сhrіѕtіаn Меdісаl Соllеgе), Vеllоrе

Сhrіѕtіаn Меdісаl Соllеgе іѕ а lеаdіng nаmе іn mеdісаl in Indian medical field, rеѕеаrсh, аnd еduсаtіоn. It was established in 1990 with over 2000 hospital beds.

It is sophisticated with thе lаtеѕt tесhnоlоgіеѕ, ѕаnіtаrу mеаѕurеѕ, аnd соѕt еffесtіvе mеthоdѕ, СМС gеt thе tаg fоr mеdісаl rеѕеаrсh аѕ wеll having 15 Іntеnѕіvе саrе unіtѕ.

It offers advanced therapeutic services. CMC specializes in Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Haematology.

Address: IDA Scudder Rd, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India

Motto:  To bring world-class healthcare service within the reach of the poor

Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai

Lilavati Hospital is a multispecialty hospital in India established in 1997 with 323 hospital beds currently. This hospital is dedicated to providing quality care with a human touch.

The hospital is built on values such as trust, guidance, and expert medical care and that is why it is touted as one of the best hospitals in India, treating patients from all sectors of life; international and national.

Also, it has the Largest ICU’s in the country and is managed by Lilavati Kirtilal Mehta Medical Trust.

Address: Lilavati Hospital, A-791, Bandra Reclamation Rd, Bandra West, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400050, India

Lilavati Hospital Phone Number:022 2656 8000

Lilavati Hospital Website: lilavatihospital.com

Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai

Tata Memorial Hospital is a public hospital in Mumbai recognized for its cancer treatment and research capability. It was established in 1941 with a total of hospital beds of about 600.

The hospital has a P.E.T scanner and other sophisticated machines for diagnosis. The hospital latest technologies and excellent treatment have brought national awards and recognition to this hospital.

Address: Dr E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012

Phone: 022 2417 7000

Below are some of the factors in rating a hospital in India

• Level of management
• Physician integration
• Market characteristics
•  Financial health

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Have you ever thought of countries with free healthcare and college?.

Studying and living in countries with free healthcare and college is everyone’s dream. The experience of living in a foreign country where the medical bill and college fees are taken care of by the government is worthwhile and everyone desire.

The list of countries with free healthcare and colleges is also a thing of consideration for those that intend to leave their countries for other countries for studies.

Introduction to countries with free healthcare and college

A new culture, new people, new places, new food who wouldn’t like to have that kind of an experience? Studying abroad offers you all these experiences and much more. But the massive tuition fee and other living expenses that may arise from the health sector are usually terror for many.

Well, not anymore! While our understanding of education in a foreign land is restricted to the United States of America and popular European nations, we tend to ignore the various other options available to us.

As it so happens, not knowing there are certain countries with free healthcare and college that offer education free of cost or with nominal tuition fees to residents and international students alike.

We are delighted to bring some of these countries with free healthcare and college to your notice which is a step towards achieving your goals as an aspirant for foreign education.

In the United States of America for instance, the staggering cost of higher education has many prospective college students wondering about countries with free healthcare and college pursuing a degree abroad.

More Americans are looking abroad at what countries have free college, as these options abroad are becoming increasingly publicized as the cost of college in the U.S. grows. Relax because this article will explore further, a handful of countries that offer free or low tuition to international students and programs of study entirely in English and healthcare costs covered also.

In the same vein, the fact that the US isn’t among the countries with universal healthcare and free college has been a topic of many heated political debates and complaints, especially among the Millennials faced with the prospect of repaying their student loans well into their adulthood.

If they have the misfortune of being hit by a major hospital bill as well, declaring bankruptcy is often the only solution.

Universal healthcare is something that is available in a vast number of countries across the globe. While the programs offered by each government vary from nation to nation, they’re all based on the same concept offering access to free healthcare to everyone, old or young.

In this article, we will list some of the popular countries with free health care and colleges

List of countries with free healthcare and colleges

• Germany
• Belgium
• Norway
• Denmark
• Austria
• Hungary
• France
• Latvia
• Sweden
• Finland
• Greece

Germany among the countries with free healthcare and college

When it comes to excellent higher education at minimal or no cost, Germany tops the list. The public universities in Germany do not charge any tuition fee at all, however, a nominal university administration fee is usually charged.

In the same vein, the health care system in Germany is considered free because they adopt a universal multi-payer health care system Where all workers contribute about 7.5 percent of their salary into a public health insurance pool.

Germany has the world’s oldest national social health insurance system as far back as 1883. This country as one of the countries with free healthcare services operates with a decentralized system with private-practice physicians providing ambulatory care, and independent/mostly non-profit hospitals providing the majority of inpatient care.

Belgium among the countries with free healthcare and college

Belgium offers quality education with advanced infrastructure that allows students to gain both practical and theoretical education. The tuition fee is also very affordable and one can also get a good placement after completion of their courses.

Belgium spends about  10% of its annual GDP on the healthcare system, according to 2016 figures. In fact, this places it ninth out of countries from the EU and European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

If you are a resident in Belgium, you typically receive coverage by state Belgian healthcare if you carry out the compulsory registrations.

The Belgian healthcare system is one of the best in Europe. It is divided into state and private sectors, with fees payable in both.

The state system is funded by mandatory health insurance which allows residents to access subsidized services such as doctors, hospital care, dental care, maternity costs, and prescriptions at minimum or no cost.

Norway among the countries with free healthcare and college

In Norway, all hospitals are funded by the public as part of the national budget.

However, while medical treatment is free of charge for any person below the age of sixteen, residents who have reached adulthood must pay a deductible each year before becoming eligible for an exemption card which allows one to enjoy subsidized or free healthcare services in the country.

Although to some people this healthcare system in Norway, is not free because the exemption card doesn’t come for free.

In relation to their education system, Norway is one of the countries with free healthcare and college.

This is because the government finances the education in the country with taxpayer’s money. However, most top universities in Norway offer education in the Norwegian language which is why you need to learn the language and also pass a proficiency test.

Denmark among the countries with free healthcare and college

Denmark also offers free college. Students from the EU and Switzerland are able to take advantage of this benefit. However, international students pay about 8000 euros a year depending on the college and course of study.

The Danish healthcare system is universal and based on the principles of free and equal access to healthcare for all citizens.

The healthcare system offers high-quality services, the majority of which are financed by general taxes.

Austria among the countries with free healthcare and college

Austria has a two-tier health care system in which virtually all individuals receive publicly funded care, but they also have the option to purchase supplementary private health insurance.

This nation is said to offer free healthcare to its citizens. However, care involving private insurance plans can include more flexible visiting hours and private rooms and doctors.

In the education system in Austria, some universities are free of charge for both local and international students which some require prospective students to pay a nominal fee which grants them access to the school.

In Austria, foreign students can benefit from various study grants and scholarships. There are several options you should explore.

Hungary among the countries with free healthcare and college

Hungary is an exciting, diverse, and safe destination for international students. With great universities, high quality of life, and low costs, Hungary has a lot to offer.

Most Hungarian universities are public institutions, and students traditionally study without fee payment.  Health insurance for students is free until the end of their studies.

Hungary has a tax-funded universal healthcare system, organized by the state-owned National Health Insurance Fund although there have been many reports that the Hungarian health system is underfunded.

France among the countries with free healthcare and college

France is a beautiful country in terms of health and education. The education system is also very advanced. The tuition fee is almost free here for international students and one can opt for various creative and mainstream courses from different universities in the nation.

France has a universal health care system, which provides health care for every citizen, irrespective of wealth, age, or social status, which is made up of a fully integrated network of public hospitals, private hospitals, doctors, and other medical service providers.

Nevertheless, France is one of the countries that offer free healthcare and college in the world.

Latvia among the countries with free healthcare and college

Latvian offers a universal health care system, which is funded through government taxation. It was among the lowest-ranked healthcare systems in Europe, due to excessive waiting times for treatment, insufficient access to the latest medicines, and other factors.

In the education sector in Latvia, free colleges are based on the college’s decision and not the government’s responsibility to subsidize the cost of colleges in the nation.

Sweden among the countries with free healthcare and college

The Swedish health care system is mainly government-funded, universal for all citizens, and decentralized, although private health care also exists.

Private healthcare is a rarity in Sweden, and even those private institutions work under the mandated city councils.

Most universities in Sweden are public and Bachelor’s and Master’s programs are free for EU/EEA and Switzerland citizens.   College in Sweden is free, that is the reason most foreign students choose Sweden as a country to study although some fees might apply for international students.

Finland among the countries with free healthcare and college

College in Finland is free for students hailing from the European Union. However, starting in 2017, international undergraduate students wishing to earn degrees in English will pay a minimum of 1,500 EUR per year (approximately $1,776 per year), though many universities charge far more depending on the degree level and program of study.1 2

However, doctoral students no matter what country they are from as well as those pursuing their studies in Finnish still pay no tuition.

Finland’s Healthcare system consists of a highly decentralized three-level publicly funded healthcare system and a much smaller private sector, which offers its residents universal healthcare.

Therefore, Finland makes the list among the countries with free healthcare and college in the world.

Greece among the countries with free healthcare and colleges

The modern-day higher education in Greece is also at par with that of ancient times.

One can go for Post Graduate and Doctoral degrees in the top colleges in Greece. Most of the courses offered here are in the English language.

This country has a rich history with philosophers like Plato and Aristotle born here and contributed greatly to the ancient education system.

Education in Greece is free so no fees are paid by students. Embodied in the country’s constitution is that all Greek citizens (and certain foreigners who live and work in the country) are entitled to free education although there are many terms guiding this offer.

In relation to the healthcare system in Greece, Greece operates a National Health System (ESY) which aims to ensure free and equitable access to quality health services for all residents.

The system is made up of a mix of public and private health service providers, which are broadly divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary tiers of service delivery.

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Knowing how to be mentally healthy and happy is of great importance because it influences everything about you ranging from how you think, feel, and act in daily life activities. 

Health according to the world health organization (WHO) is the state of mental, physical, and social well-being of an individual not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

On that note, mental health affects one’s ability to cope with stress, overcome challenges and build relationships. So, rather than the absence of mental illness, mental health refers to the presence of positive characteristics.

Good mental health is not just the absence of mental health problems or being free of anxiety, depression, or other psychological problems.

Introduction to how to be mentally healthy and happy

Being healthy in all ramifications of life is worthwhile and cannot be over-emphasized that’s why how to be mentally healthy and happy is a good write-up for everyone.

Resilience is one benefit of having solid mental.  Strong mental health doesn’t imply that you never go through hard times or experience emotional problems.

At one point in our life, the storm of life pushes us around and we go through disappointments and stress.

It would interest you to read Benefits of mental health services in schools

Moreover, while these are normal parts of life, they can still cause stress and anxiety.

Nevertheless, as mentally healthy and happy people, we are able to cope and bounce back to our daily activities, that is resilience.

People who are emotionally and mentally resilient have the tools for coping with difficult situations and maintaining a positive lifestyle.

They remain focused and productive, in bad times as well as good.

Their resilience also makes them less afraid of new experiences or an uncertain future.

Are you looking to cope with a specific mental health problem? handle your emotions better? or simply to feel more positive? This article on how to be mentally healthy and happy is for you.

10 tips on How to be mentally healthy and happy

• Go For Healthy And Happy Diets
• Make Sleep An Essential Part Of Living
• Exercise Is A Good Option To Keep Moving
• You Might Need The Help Of A Professional
• Make New Friends, It Is One Of The Tips On How To Be Mentally Healthy And Happy
• Be Happy Contented With What You Have
• see your negative thoughts as false
• Treat Yourself With Compassion And Lots Of Love.
• Motivate Yourself With Positive Words Like “Every Is Alright”
• Celebrate Your Success

Go For Healthy And Happy Diets

When a diet improves mood or helps to make you feel calmer it can be said to be a happy food.

These foods are what we often call “comfort foods,” such as cheese and fries. They are highly appetizing and therefore trigger hunger.

Researchers believe that comfort foods may be comforting because they alter the brain’s response to sadness.

A better strategy, however, is to make a habit of eating foods that build up the brain’s “good chemicals” over time and keep them at healthy levels.

These are the foods we often call “superfoods,” such as wild salmon, berries, whole grains, green vegetables, avocado, nuts, and seeds.

People respond slightly differently to certain foods, depending on genetics and other health factors.

A  better place to start is by cutting out the “bad fats” that can damage your mood and outlook, and replacing them with “good fats” that support brain health and functions.

Make Sleep An Essential Part Of Living

Sleep is important for all physiological functions most especially for the upper centers.

If you lead a busy life, cutting back on sleep may seem like a smart move.

But when it comes to your mental health, getting enough sleep is a necessity, not a luxury.

Skipping even a few hours here and there can take a toll on your mood, energy, mental sharpness, and ability to handle stress.

And over the long term, chronic sleep loss can wreak havoc on your health and outlook.  Good sleep is one of the clever approaches How to be mentally healthy and happy.

Exercise Is A Good Option To Keep Moving

Mild or moderate exercise ranging from sitting up, yoga and working out can aid a lot for your mental health.

Your mental health is intrinsically connected to your physical health in the sense that when you improve your physical health, you’ll automatically experience greater mental and emotional well-being.

Physical activity also releases endorphins, powerful chemicals that lift your mood and provide added energy.

Regular exercise or activity can have a major impact on mental and emotional health problems, relieve stress, improve memory, and help you to sleep better.

Consider the type of exercise suitable for you and follow a specific guideline.

You Might Need The Help Of A Professional

An individual’s mental health improvement can be affected by their environment. If you have been consistently trying to improve your mental health and still aren’t functioning optimally at home, work, or in your relationships, you should consider reaching out to a specialist.

Clinical psychologists are trained to diagnose and treat mental, behavioral, and emotional illnesses. Specialists may also recommend acupuncture, meditation sessions, or alternative medicine.

Healing Maps offers a worldwide selection of psychedelic therapy centers and integrative mental health clinics. You have options such as psilocybin or ayahuasca retreats to improve your emotional and mental health. These programs provide assistance during the treatment and may offer activities such as talk therapy or yoga.

Make New Friends

This is one of the tips on How To Be Mentally Healthy And Happy. Meeting new people is a very scary scenario for some people, be bold and don’t be afraid to break the silence.

It doesn’t hurt to say “hi” so try it.

Social support is one of the best predictors of health, longevity, and happiness.

Be Happy Contented With What You Have

Is no doubt that we cannot control everything that happens to us in life, but we can choose how we respond.

When we respond with an attitude of negativity, we suffer our mental state but when we see opportunities in every circumstance and respond with an attitude of positivity we empower our mental state and cruise into an ideal state of happiness.

See Your Negative Thoughts As False

Is unfortunate, that many people hold their negative thoughts in high esteem thereby causing stress to the entire physiological system and allowing fear to rule.

Your negative thoughts are just mere inner voices telling you what is not real, it happens to everybody, so don’t allow it to rule over you.

Remain and think positive always and neglect all negative thoughts.

Treat Yourself With Compassion And Lots Of Love.

I mean have fun, have good fun. Forgive yourself at all times and never hold your flaws as your weakness.

Accepting yourself, flaws, in all facilitates self-love.

Self-care means setting boundaries and taking time to refill your energy.

Self-fulfillment is all about living your values and having authentic relationships. Go the places your love, see movies that interest you with friends and loved ones.

Motivate Yourself With Positive Words Like “Every Is Alright”

Do not neglect the power of positive words; if no one is listening, your inner mind is taking note. Several times a day tell yourself everything will be all right. Those words will lead you through the storms of life.

Over time with repetition of some positive words, your mental state will improve knowing that everything will be all right. This is one of the 10 tips on How to be mentally healthy and happy

Celebrate Your Success

Do not wait to be appointed as the special aid to the president of the United States of America before you start celebrating.

No matter the level of your success, I bet you, it is worth celebrating.

When you try something new that improves your thought, get an online degree, your birthday, visit a place you admire, or any other little thing asides from your normal routine is worth celebrating.

Seeing the sunset is enough reason to celebrate. The celebration must not be a party,  getting yourself something special is a clever approach to celebration.

Flourish in your mental state and health with this article on How to be mentally healthy and happy

Conclusion on how to be mentally healthy and happy

The different tips to be mentally healthy are worth emulating, however, it is of utmost importance to know what works for you and also consult your doctor when you feel you need help.

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The economic benefits of universal health care coverage impact a country’s economic prospects in several aspects.

Universal healthcare improves health outcomes by ensuring that everyone has continuous access to care regardless of pre-existing conditions, ability to pay, or any other factors. This continuity is particularly important for the management of chronic conditions.

Universal health care is the action that a government takes to provide health care to as many people as possible at cheaper or more affordable.

Some governments do this by setting minimum standards and regulations and some by implementing programs that cover the entire population.

Introduction to the economic benefits of the universal health care system

There are many economic benefits of the health care system, however; the cardinal aim of a universal health care system remains to cover medical bills for the citizens.

Although, lower-income or those diagnosed with specific serious health conditions would have access to government-funded care. Essentially, it would be an expansion of the current Medicaid system with a few additional caveats.

Universal health care is a system that provides quality medical services to all citizens. The federal government offers it to everyone regardless of their ability to pay.

Universal health care allows everybody the opportunity to access a full range of health services including promotion, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care.

These services should be of good quality. Because the emphasis here is on everybody getting the treatment they need, the objective includes an important equity dimension.

From a reliable source, evidence suggests that the implementation of a universal health care system benefits a country’s economy.

Is no doubt that the progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) involves complicated challenges, it is easy to lose sight of the fact that moving toward UHC is a political process that involves negotiation between different interest groups in society over the allocation of health benefits and who should bear the costs.

A study, carried out by the consultancy firm KPMG, looks at the effects of UHC on the economy of South Africa. The results show the economic benefits of introducing UHC in 2011 have so far outweighed the costs associated with introducing the system and funding it with increased taxes.

In this vein, for the past few decades, civil society organizations (CSOs) have frequently played a crucial role in representing the views of the poor and the vulnerable in these negotiations, pushing for a more equitable distribution of both the responsibility for funding the system and the benefits received.

CSOs have been working vehemently in remodeling the health systems at the national level, increasing grass root’ involvement in the decision-making process, and in creating accountability mechanisms.

Also, CSOs have achieved most when they have been able to develop robust positions based on solid arguments and compelling examples.

Economic benefits of universal health care

Below are some of the economic benefits of a universal health care system

• Creation of productive and healthier workforce
• Lower mortality rates
• Promotes health care equality and rights
• A right to health care could stop medical bankruptcies
• Lowers overall health care costs
• Standardizes service
• Early childhood care prevents future social costs
• Providing a right to health care could benefit private businesses.

Creation of productive and healthier workforce

A healthier workforce is productive and raises healthy families; thus, healthy workers are a key strategy, for a better health system.

This contributes to sustainable development, which is the key to poverty reduction and is fundamental to public health, for it is increasingly clear that major diseases (e.g. AIDS, heart disease) need a healthier and more productive workforce to control the diseases.

Studies show that preventive care reduces the need for expensive emergency room usage.

Without access to preventive care, 46% of emergency room patients went because they had no other place to go.

They used the emergency room as their primary care physician. This health care inequality is a big reason for the rising cost of medical care.

This, in turn, is one of the economic benefits of universal health care

Lower mortality rates

Lower mortality rates are also one of the economic benefits of universal health care. Its effects could be either directly or indirectly.

Low mortality also has important implications for the process of economic growth.

Recently there has been an increase in the number of research studies that examine how reduced mortality affected economic decisions.

Another study focuses on two of these decisions, namely fertility and human capital investment, given the importance of these for economic growth and given the fact that the most significant component of mortality decline has been a reduction in infant and child deaths.

Increased life expectancy implies a higher rate of return on human capital investment and hence, declining child and youth mortality provide an important incentive to increase investment in the education of each child.

Researchers have emphasized the role of human capital investment as the prime engine for economic growth.

Promotes health care equality and rights

A promoted health care equality and rights benefits cannot be over-emphasized.

“The right to the highest attainable standard of health” implies a clear set of legal obligations on states to ensure appropriate conditions for the enjoyment of health for all people without discrimination.

The right to health is one of a set of internationally agreed human rights standards and is inseparable or ‘indivisible’ from these other rights.

This means achieving the right to health is both central to, and dependent upon, the realization of other human rights, to food, housing, work, education, information, and participation.

A right to health care could stop medical bankruptcies

According to the National Bankruptcy Forum, medical debt is the #1 reason people file for bankruptcy in the United States.

Medicare-for-All would end medical bankruptcy. People would no longer have to pay outrageous amounts or go into debt in order to receive treatment.

In 2017, about 33% of all Americans with medical bills reported that they “were unable to pay for basic necessities like food, heat, or housing.”

If all US citizens were provided health care under a single-payer system medical bankruptcy would no longer exist, because the government, not private citizens, would pay all medical bills.

Lowers overall health care costs

Lower health care cost is of economic benefits because many people both inside and outside the sphere of health policy take it for granted that cutting health care costs is an admirable even necessary pursuit.

Nearly everyone has gone on record in support of health care cost containment. The burgeoning managed care sector is based on the premise that a large part of managing care is managing its costs.

Improvements in health status may have a positive economic impact on households through increased productivity, and reduced absenteeism. Although there have been numerous debates on the economic benefits of universal health care on the ground that it lowers the overall health care cost.

Standardizes service

A standard health service is of economic importance because health is an important determinant of economic development; a healthy population means higher productivity.

In a competitive nation like the United States, health care providers must also focus on profit. They do this by offering the newest technology.

They offer expensive services and pay doctors more. They try to compete by targeting the wealthy people thereby neglecting the poor.

A study suggests that a standardized health service facilitates healthy labor, their incentive to develop new knowledge is higher because they expect to benefit in the long run.

Early childhood care prevents future social costs

Early childhood care, prevents future social cost and equally improve economic growth.

This is because high-quality early childhood programs can increase the number of skilled workers in the future, which then magnetizes investments and jobs in the local economy, increasing local earnings, and such can be considered one of the economic benefits of universal health care.

Providing a right to health care could benefit private businesses.

Providing the right to health care is one of the economic benefits of universal health care because the private sector is the engine of the growth of any economy.

Private businesses drive economic growth, create jobs, and pay the taxes that finance the services and investments of the nation.

Is no doubt that in developing countries, is the private sector creates 90 percent of jobs, funds 60 percent of all investments, and generates more than 80 percent of the revenues of the government.

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With regard to the list of Private hospitals in Qatar, there is a growing number of private clinics and practitioners in Qatar.

With a growing population and increasing costs, the Ministry of Public Health expects the private sector to lift some of the burdens off its shoulders.

Therefore, it is the intention of the top health ministry officials to encourage private sector facilities. In the private sector, there are up to 131 dental clinics, 128 medical clinics, and 23 polyclinics that offer consultancies in different specialties in Qatar.

In all, for every 10,000 people in the country, there are 77.4 doctors, 118.7 nurses and midwives, and 0.3 psychiatrists, according to the WHO’s “World Health Statistics 2015.

WHO statistics for 2013 show that the number of hospital beds per 10,000 was about 12, while the number of dentists was 5.8 per 10,000 people.

In the list of the best hospitals in Qatar, the hospitals are listed with no fixed preference.  Some of the major private hospitals are taken into consideration.

List of private hospitals in Qatar

• Al Ahli Hospital
• Doha Clinic Hospital
• KIMS Qatar Medical Centre (KQMC)
• Al Esraa Medical Centre
• Al Esraa Polyclinic
• Aster Medical Centre
• Turkish Hospital, Qatar
• Al Shefa Polyclinic
• Al-Emadi Hospital
• American Hospital Clinics
• Apollo Clinic
• Atlas Polyclinic
• DOC. Medical Centre
• Dr. Hassan Al-Abdulla Medical Centre
• Kims Medical Centre
• Naseem Al Rabeeh Medical Centre
• Sidra Medicine
• Syrian American Medical Centre

Al Ahli Hospital is o the list of private hospitals in Qatar 

This is a renowned private medical institution established in 2004, it is a private general hospital that would provide five-star healthcare services in a relaxing environment.

It is a 250 beds tertiary care hospital providing treatment in all core specialties. The hospital is also equipped with ICU, CCU & NICU.

Contact: +974 4489 8888

Fax: +974 4489 8989

Email: [email protected]

Address: Al-Ahli Hospital Ahmed Bin Ali Street P.O.Box 6401 Doha, Qatar

Doha Clinic Hospital on the list of private hospitals in Qatar

Doha Clinic Hospital (DCH) the first fully integrated private hospital in Qatar established in 2001.

It started as a polyclinic in 1994, expanded, and renovated to become a fully integrated hospital. DCH is owned by Mohamed Bin Hamad Holding Company.

Since December 2017, DCH is managed by Allegheny International Services ME (AISME), hospital management and international healthcare consulting firm based in the United States of America. DCH has obtained Platinum Accreditation from Accreditation Canada.

DCH has 57 inpatient beds and provides inpatient and outpatient care, and medical, surgical, and pediatric services 24 hours, 7 days a week. DCH’s medical staff consists of 84 full-time physicians and over 80 visiting physicians.

Contact: +974 4438 4333 E-mail: [email protected]

Address: P.O.Box: 9958 New Al Mirqab Street, Fereej Al Nasr, Doha-Qatar.

KIMS Qatar Medical Centre (KQMC) is among the list of private hospitals in Qatar

KIMS Qatar Medical Centre (KQMC) is the first private venture in the Wakra area, which began its operations in 2009.

KQMC, a multi-specialty outpatient center with diagnostic facilities and a pharmacy, gained instant popularity due to its accessibility, affordability, and quality of service, encouraging us to double the clinic space within just one year of operations.

We deliver quality medical care through a professional team of doctors, nurses, paramedics, and administrators with high-end facilities and equipment.

Their center is also equipped with a modern hospital information system that allows the operations to be almost paperless.

They have specialties such as – Internal Medicine, Gynecology, Pediatrics, ENT, General Surgery, Ophthalmology, Dental, and Dermatology.  Our services also include Physiotherapy, Laboratory, Radiology, and Pharmacy.

Contact:  +974 40 20 71 00

Address: Abdulrahman Bin Jassim Al Thani Street P.O Box:82125′

Al Esraa Medical Centre in the list of private hospitals in Qatar

Al Esraa Medical Center began functioning in 2010. Strategically located next to Landmark Mall, the Polyclinic offers consultations and treatments in all major medical and dental disciplines, lab investigations, X-Ray, and other diagnostics as well as Pharmacy.

The clinic has direct billing arrangements with all major Health Insurance providers, both local and international, thus enabling patients who are insured by various health insurance companies to avail cashless services at the clinic.

Contact: 4498 9811

Address: Al Gharafa  Near Landmark Mall Doha, Qatar

Aster Medical Centre in the list of private hospitals in Qatar

When the first Aster Clinic was established in 1987, little did we know that it would grow into one of the largest networks of clinics across the Middle East? 

We have spent the last 3 decades strengthening the scope and quality of our services while simultaneously evolving the brand, to ensure that all our patient’s healthcare needs are met.

Not only is Aster Clinic now one of the biggest integrated networks in the region, but we have also successfully reshaped the healthcare landscape across each of the neighborhoods that we operate in.

Placing our patients at the heart of our operations, we have developed robust quality standards, enhanced professional expertise, and built spacious infrastructures to render the most comfortable and satisfying experience for all our patients.

Contact: +974 4444 0499

Address: C Ring Rd, Doha, Qatar

Al Shefa Polyclinic in the list of private hospitals in Qatar

Al shefa polyclinic is one of the private hospitals in Qatar. They specialize in four specialties.

GENERAL PHYSICIAN

The General Physician services include: Care for Chronic Health Problems, Treatment of Acute Non-Life-Threatening Diseases, Early detection, and referral to the specialized care of patients with serious illness

ORTHODONTIC

The Orthodontic Services include Fixed, Removable, or Functional Appliances.

INTERNAL MEDICINE

The Internal Medicine services include Diagnosis & Treatment of Heart Diseases & Hypertension with ECG. Management of Respiratory Diseases Including Allergy and Asthma.

OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

The Obstetrics & Gynecology services include: Contraceptive Counseling and Management, Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections

Contact: +974 4466 0330 [email protected]

Address: Al Kharaitiyat Building 654, Zone 71, St.550

Al-Emadi Hospital in the list of private hospitals in Qatar

This is a multi-specialty hospital with all core specialties working every minute of the day.

Hospital services are designed to meet the needs and at the same time, exceed the expectations of the patients.

This is achieved by combining medical ethics with the latest medical technology available and is run by specialized, highly trained, and experienced physicians who constantly undergo the latest training programs and workshops to improve their skills and stay up to date with all new treatments and medicines available.

The hospital has 4 major operation rooms and Intensive care units, offering the maximum level of sterilization service.

Contact: [email protected]

Address: Al Emadi Hospital D Ring Rd, Doha

American Hospital Clinics in the list of private hospitals in Qatar

American Hospital Clinics is one of the leading private health care providers in the State of Qatar.

Established in 1999 as the first Private hospital in Qatar.

American hospital clinics, high-quality medical service in an atmosphere of intimacy and affection.

Contacts: 44421999, 44079601

Address: C Ring Road, Al Munthaza St, Near Ministry of Labour, P.O.Box 22314, Doha – Qatar 0000 Doha, Qatar

Turkish Hospital, Qatar 

Established in 2017, the hospital has more than 20 outpatient clinics with different specialties.

The Turkish Hospital has five operating theatres, 14 beds in the Intensive Care Unit, two delivery rooms, angiography and radiology units, laboratories, and a pharmacy.

It has a total of 100 beds

Contact: [email protected]

Address: c ring room, new slata, Doha Qatar P.O Box 21377

Apollo clinic alsonin the list of private hospitals in Qatar

Apollo Clinics is a part of the renowned Apollo Hospital Group of India, which is currently rated as the largest corporate hospital group in Asia and the 3rd largest in the world. The Clinic started functioning in 2005 and with more than 40 accomplished doctors on board, it is today the largest Polyclinic in the State of Qatar.

The Apollo Clinic Qatar offers consultations and outpatient treatments in almost all major Medical & Dental Specialities.

It also boasts of state-of-the-art Medical laboratory where all kinds of pathological investigations are done. Other prime facilities include X-Ray, Ultrasound, ECG, PFT, Audiometry, OPG, etc, as well as Pharmacy.

The Clinic has direct billing arrangements with all major health insurance providers, both local and international, thus enabling patients who are insured by various Health Insurance companies to avail themselves of cashless services at the clinic.

Contact: 00974 4441 8441 Email: [email protected]

Address: P.O.BOX 23656, NEAR HAFZA TRAFFIC SIGNAL, DOHA, MUNTAZA STREET, DOHA, QATAR – 23656

 Atlas medical centre

Atlas Medical Center commenced operations in 2011. Atlas Medical Center offers consultations and treatments in all major medical and dental Specialties, Lab investigations/tests, Radiology ( X-ray, CT), and Pharmacy

The clinic has direct billing arrangements with all major Health Insurance providers, both local and international, thus enabling patients who are insured by various health insurance companies to avail cashless services at the clinic.

Contact: 44153222

Address: Barwa Village, Wakrah Road

Atlas Polyclinic 

Atlas Polyclinic is the largest medical center, located at Asian Town next to the Cricket Stadium Complex; this Polyclinic offers consultations and treatments in major medical and dental disciplines, lab investigation, X-ray, Ultrasound, Audiometry, vision tests, and other diagnostics as well as the pharmacy.

The clinic has direct billing arrangements with all major Health insurance providers, both local and international, thus enabling patients who are insured with various health insurance companies to avail cashless service at the clinic.

Contact: lab.dhcgroup.qa, 55015882

Address: West End Park, Above Grand Mall Asian Town industrial area

DOC. Medical Centre

DOC. Medical Center is a premier care destination for Orthopedics, Rheumatology, Neurology, Neurophysiology, Physiotherapy, Chiropractor, and Dental Services.

It is also recognized in the list of private hospitals in Qatar.

The ethos of DOC. is to provide exceptional healthcare services that have person-centered care as a core value.

Everyone at DOC. works together with one single goal; to deliver high-quality care to all, from childhood through to old age, Whether that be in restoring health and well-being after an accident or injury, or in maintaining a healthy body for our old age.

They pride themselves on caring for the whole family.

Contact:  +974 44 31 77 66

Email: [email protected]

Address: 27 Al Kinana Street Al-Saad, Qatar

Dr. Hassan Al-Abdulla Medical Centre

Dr. Hassan Al-Abdulla Medical Center is a comprehensive skin diagnosis and treatment center.

The board-certified physicians and highly trained physician assistants have many years of experience in all dermatological conditions and treat patients of all ages and skin types.

Besides, having well-trained manpower, They are at the top because we are the first dermatology center in Qatar holding the Licence No.1 registration.

Contact: +974 4432 3900

Address: 250 D ring Road, 45 Old Airport Area P.O. Box 23881, Doha, Qatar

Kims Medical Centre

Kims is recognized in the list of private hospitals in Qatar. KIMS Qatar Medical Centre (KQMC) is the first private venture in the Wakra area which began its operations in 2009.

KQMC, a multi-specialty outpatient center with diagnostic facilities and a pharmacy, gained instant popularity due to its accessibility, affordability, and quality of service, encouraging us to double the clinic space within just one year of operations.

We deliver quality medical care through a professional team of doctors, nurses, paramedics, and administrators with high-end facilities and equipment.

Their center is also equipped with a modern hospital information system that allows the operations to be almost paperless.

We have specialties such as – Internal Medicine, Gynecology, Pediatrics, ENT, General Surgery, Ophthalmology, Dental, and Dermatology.  Our services also include Physiotherapy, Laboratory, Radiology, and Pharmacy.

Contact: +974 40 20 71 00

Address: Abdulrahman Bin Jassim Al Thani Street P.O Box:82125′

Naseem al rabeeh medical centre

Naseem Al Rabeeh Medical Centre is the Largest JCI Accredited Private Medical Centre in Qatar, consisting of a team of medical experts who practice this noble profession with integrity and solicitude, keeping the sole goal in mind of providing the best quality health services along with the state of the art infrastructure.

Our Medical Centres in Qatar are infused with an artistic atmosphere designed to soothe and comfort.

Naseem Al Rabeeh Medical Centres has been making benchmarks in the rapidly changing healthcare scenario in Qatar! At Naseem Al Rabeeh, the personal bond between the patient and the doctor is of elemental importance and it’s our primary concern too.

The JCI Accredited Qatar Medical Centre, has ample syndication and ties up with all major Medical Insurance Companies in Qatar which enables us to offer appropriate and accessible services at adequate rates.

Our clinic accomplishes a broad scale of diagnostic, interventional, and surgical techniques, and in recognition of its expertise and commitment to quality is the faith that the people have.

Contact: +974 4431 6633, +974 3314 3735

Address: Al Nuaija – Hilal, D Ring Road, Doha Qatar. P.O.Box:22368

Sidra Medicine in the list of private hospitals in Qatar

Sidra Medicine is a 400-bed women’s and children’s hospital, medical education, and biomedical research center in Doha, Qatar. It is a member of the Qatar Foundation.

The hospital first opened its outpatient facility in 2016, followed by its inpatient hospital in January 2018.

Contact: +974 4003 3333

Address: Al Gharrafa St, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar

Syrian American Medical Centre

Syrian American Medical Center aims to make the time you spend on health care inquiries rewarding and valuable by introducing you to their many clinics and various sections in a way that provides you with a clear and real idea of all the benefits and services you gain by visiting us.

At SAC you will find an exceptional combination of highly specialized medical staff equipped with the latest in medical technology under the supervision and care of experienced and renowned doctors.

In addition to our primary concerns of Service Excellence, Quality Control, Patient Safety, and Satisfaction, we aim to establish a continuous and long-lasting relationship with our clients based on trust and confidentiality, by welcoming all comments and feedback. May good health, be yours.

Contact: +974 4019 1919

Address: Al Luqta St, Doha, Qatar

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How much does it cost to open a pharmacy? We have been getting this question so decided to give you the best information you deserve.

Anyone who wishes to open a pharmacy store will also consider the cost of running the baby business until it stands to fend for itself.

Is ideal to know that pharmacist wears many hats and act as more of a business owner than just a pharmacist.

One characteristic that all new owners must possess is the ability to overcome the anxiety of the first year of ownership, according to Mark of Independent Rx Consulting.

Introduction on How much does it cost to open a pharmacy

“some persons can handle running a pharmacy,” he notices. “But the difficult time of opening a pharmacy store is getting through that first year. The business may be slow, and daily, you watch money leave your bank account.

keep enough money to sustain your expenses for at least the first 2 years of establishment. The pharmacy business in Nigeria is a profitable one but requires diligence and discipline to start reaping from the benefits.

How much does it cost to open a pharmacy?

Is not easy to ascertain the cost to open a pharmacy without  first considering some of the factors like:

• County
• State
• Region
• Living cost
• Location of store
• Type of store
• Qualification and other essential factors

According to pioneerrx, Costs can range from as little as $250,000 to as much as $1,800,000. On average, start-up costs range from  $400,000 – $600,000 is to be expected in the united states of America.

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How much does it cost to open a pharmacy in Nigeria?

In Nigeria, the cost of opening a pharmacy is dependent on your location either urban or rural

For a fresher with little capital, it will cost much to start up a community pharmacy in an urban area, because of some factors like:

• High cost Of Living
• Cost of Rents
• High cost of store furnishing to meet your competitors standard
• Competitors
• Cost of Services
• Electrical appliances like air conditioners, fridges generators and others will incur to the costs

Below is a breakdown of how much it costs to open a pharmacy in Nigeria

Shop Rent

This depends on the location, for a location sited in a metropolitan city, it will cost an average of 1,000,000 Naira annually, whereas the cost cheaper in a rural area will be around 50,000-100,000  naira annually.

Furniture

This is on a personal basis because many things are considered as the size of the store the person constructing them for you the quality of furniture you need and type. So an average of 200,000-4,000,000 can be set aside for this.

Drugs

Remember proper attention is to be paid to the drugs you stock, original drugs are expensive to the inferiors one and as a pharmacy store with vision go for the best quality and never forget, the amount you put on drugs will determine the level of your pharmacy store

computer set and other Electronic Gadgets Receipts Printer And Software

Budget at least 600,000. Although as a starter you might need to have everything once you have a limited capital, you go for the most essential things and the ones you can afford.

Staff Training

You need to train your staff on how to grow sales. Good start-off training will cost you between #50000 to 200000 depending on the scope and duration.

Others

You need to set aside about 900,000 Naira for other stuff that may come up or that you may think will add value to your pharmacy including your PCN fees and other unforeseen circumstances.

Below is a raw estimate of How much does it cost to open a pharmacy in Nigeria

It might cost you more or less depending on your budget meanwhile never allow the estimates to intimidate you if you are not having sufficient finance.

Don’t forget anything is too small there is always room for growth and may our year of little beginning always flourish.

Start with what you have you can start as a little drug store owner to a large pharmacy store owner

• POS retail system – N180,000
• 2 Fridges – N250,000
• Pharmacy Shelves – N600,000
• Inventory – N1,800,000
• Rent – N600,000
• Contingency – N300,000
• Cash at hand – N750,000
• Other expenses – N900,000

Start with what you have, you can start as a little drug store owner to a large pharmacy store owner

How much does it cost to open a pharmacy (conclusion)

As earlier mentioned, the cost of opening a pharmacy is not fixed considering the different factors listed above. The size of the pharmacy one intends to open would also determine the amount that would be involved.

Put every factor into consideration while making your business plan as such you will be able to avoid any setbacks.

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What are the benefits of aloe vera? This question has been a trending question for over a century. But today, idealmedhealth brings the ideal answer to this question and the essentials you need to know.

Carefully read through and equip yourself with the knowledge you can’t get elsewhere.

Introduction on the benefits of aloe vera

Aloe vera belongs to the kingdom Plantae, family Asphodelaceae, genus, and species Aloe vera respectively.

Although, there are different aloe plants vera is unique because of its gel and latex which are of high medical importance.

Related: Benefits of unripe plantain

Vera originates from the Arabian peninsula but has spread all over the world with its projected leaves from where some active bioactive ingredients like emodins, mannons, lectins, and anthraquinone c-glycosides can be found.

It had been popularly grown as an ornamental plant and gained the Royal Horticultural Society‘s Award of Garden Merit.

How to harvest aloe vera in the benefits of aloe vera

Aloe vera can be simply harvested following this uncomplicated procedure once the plant is mature after a few years.

Firstly, you remove 4-5 leaves at a time, choosing thick leaves from the outer sections of the plant, and equally consider healthy leaves for a better result after extraction.

Secondly, cut the leaves close to the stem where most of the beneficial nutrients are found.

Thirdly, wash and dry the leaves thoroughly for a few minutes after which you trim the edges separating the interior gel from outside of the leaf.

This is where you have to be more careful, the interior gel is equally useful after the separation. Allow the yellow sap to drain from the leaf into a container if you intend to use the latex. Finally cut the plant into slices or when you want a smooth aloe gel.

After the separation of the aloe from the exterior part of the leaf, you can put the aloe into a blender or use a pestle and mortar after which you strain the substance to remove the pulp and proceed to what you intend to do.

benefits of aloe vera

6 benefits of aloe vera

This is where that big question [WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF ALOE VERA?] is answered. So give it undivided attention as you read through.

Aloe vera has many uses although there has been no well-known scientific backup of the medicinal uses of Aloe vera in traditional medicine, it has gone a long way in alleviating the medical challenges of people who use it rightly. Let us look at some of the uses

1] As ornamental plant:

Because of the greenish color, stemless nature of the plant, and the wonderful arrangement of the leaves, different households use it for beautification.

In the benefits of aloe vera, having it as a flower in your household is worthwhile.

2] As burn treatment:

Due to its soothing, moisturizing, and cooling properties, aloe vera is often used to treat burns of lower degrees. This is among the amazing benefits of aloe vera everyone is expected to know.

A 2013 study, showed that out of fifty participants there was a significant improvement in those who used aloe vera gel to treat burns compared to those that used %1 silver sulfadiazine cream than people who used aloe vera gel to treat superficial and partial thickness burns showed better results than the group that used a %1 silver sulfadiazine cream.

3] Improvement of the digestive system:

Aloe vera consumption may benefit your digestive tract and help to alleviate stomach ailments, including irritable bowel syndrome. equally, aloe vera can inhibit the growth of H. pylori bacteria which is an ulcer pathogen.

Its effect on improving the digestive system is among the benefits of aloe vera.

4] Promotes oral health:

Aloe vera toothpaste and mouthwash, are natural options for improving oral hygiene and reducing plaque that can lead to halitosis.

5] Helps in acne removal: 

Fresh aloe vera helps to reduce the effect of acne vulgaris when applied to the face. Acne or pimple can be managed and cured using aloe vera the right and applying it at the right time.

6] Relieves anal fissures:

There is a high chance of recovery from anal fissures. when applying an aloe vera cream to the affected area several times throughout the day.

According to a 2014 study, using a cream containing aloe vera juice powder was effective in treating chronic anal fissures. People used the aloe cream three times a day for six weeks.

Improvements were shown in pain and wound healing. 

Equally, Aloe latex contains aloin, which is an anthraquinone that gives aloe vera its laxative properties and may help in the alleviation of constipation.

FAQs on the benefits of aloe vera

Conclusion

The benefits of aloe vera can not be over-emphasized. You stand to get the best out of it when you use it in the proper way.

As earlier stated there has not been any scientific backup on some of the benefits of aloe vera but the local traditional doctors have confirmed its medicinal importance.

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The long term effects of vaping although as known by many for decades might be misconceived

After half a dozen deaths allegedly associated with vaping and a surge in teenage e-cigarette use, US President Donald Trump has proposed banning flavored e-cigarette liquids, which had nothing to do with health care in the first place.

Local media joined in the hysteria, which will kill more people than it saves. Could that be the long-term effects of vaping?

Introduction on long term effects of vaping

Recently, the Centre for Disease Control (CDC) in the US confirmed in a media conference call that it was investigating cases of lung disease among people who use e-cigarettes.

It said it had received reports about three confirmed deaths and a fourth under investigation. In addition, 450 cases of lung diseases were under investigation but did not ascertain if that could be the long-term effects of vaping.

The CDC said that no definitive cause for the deaths or lung disease cases had been determined whereas some consider it as the long-term effects of vaping.

However, the disease is not mysterious, as numerous publications of greater and lesser repute have claimed.

The disease is called lipoid pneumonia, a non-contagious form of pneumonia that can occur when either oils or lipid-containing substances enter the lungs, according to Dr. Daniel Fox, who participated in the CDC’s conference call with the media.

Long term effects of vaping

The CDC also made a curiously specific recommendation to avoid vaping products “off the street”, and pointed to the presence of vitamin E acetate in many of the THC oil samples it took.

The New York Times reported on a drugs bust in Wisconsin, where THC is still illegal, and also noted that illicit THC products are often cut with vitamin E acetate.

On the black market, drugs are routinely cut with other substances – some benign and some toxic – to make dealers more money.

In legal markets, however, this practice is rare. Leading makers of nicotine e-cigarettes, including Juul Labs, British American Tobacco, and Imperial Brands, told Reuters their products contain neither vitamin E compounds nor THC.

So far, then, it looks like we’re dealing with people who vape improperly prepared THC oils, mostly bought off the street.

There appear to be no new health problems associated with products available on the ordinary, commercial, non-cannabis vaping market.

Barring new information that implicates regular e-cigarettes, there is absolutely no justification in calling for a ban on any or all of them.

A review of the evidence in 2014, as well as an expanded review in 2016, both found that vaping does help smokers to quit, helps heavy smokers to reduce their cigarette consumption, and was not associated with significant adverse events.

This 2016 study found e-cigarettes were positively correlated with the success of quit attempts. A 2019 study found e-cigarette users were twice as likely to quit cigarettes as users of conventional quit aids.

If you ignore all these studies and assume that e-cigarettes do not help people quit, then you could argue that there is no benefit to vaping, and any risk, however low, would weigh against it.

This is what Coetzee would have you believe, but the medical literature contradicts her claim.

She continued by saying that all e-cigarettes contain nicotine, which is false. Many don’t, and a smoker who wants to quit will typically start with a high-nicotine liquid, and gradually use lower concentrations until they’re on a nicotine-free liquid.

Continuation on Long term effects of vaping

She said that the problem lies with nicotine, which is also false. Cigarette smoke contains thousands of chemicals, of which at least 70 are known carcinogens, and it isn’t even clear that nicotine is one of them that can not be considered as the effect of vaping.

“At present, it is not possible to draw a conclusion whether nicotine itself may act as a complete carcinogen,” declared a recent academic paper that looked into potential effects of nicotine on cancer development and treatment.

She said e-cigarettes give you bronchitis, pneumonia, or “popcorn lung”. This is also a gross generalization but could that be the long-term effects of vaping?

It can in theory do so, but actual cases are rare. In the case of the ominous-sounding popcorn lung, properly called bronchiolitis obliterans, there have been exactly zero cases reported as a result of e-cigarette use.

The only link is that some flavors of vaping liquid have been found to contain diacetyl, as disclosed on the labels. Diacetyl can cause bronchiolitis obliterans in people exposed to substantial amounts, which workers in popcorn factories used to be, hence the nickname.

Even in the few liquids that do contain diacetyl, however, levels are only 1% of the diacetyl levels in cigarette smoke, so the notion that e-cigarette use inevitably, or even sometimes, leads to the disease is baseless.

She said they aren’t sure what chemicals are in e-cigarette vapor because there have been no studies.

It appears, however, that South African health authorities are simply not interested in reading the academic literature.

In the real world, however, people need ways to help them do that, and e-cigarettes offer perhaps the best possible way to do so. It should be hailed as the best thing ever to happen to the anti-smoking cause.

Yet the South African government, without having done any studies whatsoever on the safety or otherwise of e-cigarettes, has already written the rules.

That means no advertising, no retail display, no online sales, and no vaping in public places.

Even if one did not take into account the evidence that vaping can help smokers quit, thereby reducing the harm of tobacco products, everyone, in any case, has the right to consume products that pose some health risks.

Every time we eat or drink anything we’re taking risks, including the risk of ingesting low levels of toxic substances, disease-causing pathogens, or carcinogens.

In the case of some foods, we risk obesity, diabetes, and other adverse consequences. In the case of some drinks, we risk drunkenness, heart disease, and stroke.

If we had to ban everything that posed a small risk to our health, we’d have to ban, well, everything.

Conclusion on Long term effects of vaping best

The current health scare around vaping probably has nothing to do with ordinary vaping liquids, whether or not they contain nicotine.

 Although vaping is not entirely risk-free, it is vastly safer than smoking tobacco. For this reason alone, any regulation of e-cigarettes ought to increase public confidence and know the effect of vaping.

It should not fan and exploit public hysteria to blindly restrict or ban vaping without any regard for facts or science.

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Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), the fate of the young girl is decided by tradition.

FGM involves partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or injuries to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons as defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO).

A lot had been said about this yet the plague still strives in many communities of the world. Different organizations have been striving toward putting an end to female genital mutilation through bills and outreaches but is quite unfortunate some people still embrace this old way.

Types of Female Genital Mutilation

Female genital mutilation is classified into four types:

• Type 1
• Type 11
• Type 111
• Type 1v

Type I:

Also known as clitoridectomy, this type consists of partial or total removal of the clitoris and/or its prepuce.

Type II:

Also known as excision, the clitoris and labia minora are partially or totally removed, with or without excision of the labia majora.

Type III:

The most severe form is also known as infibulation or pharaonic type.

The procedure consists of narrowing the vaginal orifice with the creation of a covering seal by cutting and positioning the labia minora and/or labia majora, with or without removal of the clitoris.

The apposition of the wound edges consists of stitching or holding the cut areas together for a certain period of time (for example, girls’ legs are bound together), to create the covering seal.

A small opening is left for urine and menstrual blood to escape. Infibulation must be opened either through penetrative sexual intercourse or surgery.

Type IV:

This type consists of all other procedures to the genitalia of women for non-medical purposes, such as pricking, piercing, incising, scraping, and cauterization.

The procedure can result in death through severe bleeding leading to hemorrhagic shock, neurogenic shock as a result of pain and trauma, and overwhelming infection and septicemia.

Immediate consequences of Female Genital Mutilation include severe pain and bleeding, shock, difficulty in passing urine, infections, injury to nearby genital tissue, and sometimes death. Almost all women who have undergone FGM experience pain and bleeding as a consequence of the procedure. The event itself is traumatic as girls are held down during the procedure.

Risk and complications increase with the type of FGM and are more severe and prevalent with infibulations.

“The pain inflicted by FGM does not stop with the initial procedure, but often continues as ongoing torture throughout a woman’s life ”, says Manfred Nowak, UN Special Rapporteur on Torture.

In addition to the severe pain during and in the weeks following the cutting, women who have undergone Female Genital Mutilation experience various long-term effects – physical, sexual, and psychological.

Women may experience chronic pain, chronic pelvic infections, the development of cysts, abscesses and genital ulcers, excessive scar tissue formation, infection of the reproductive system, decreased sexual enjoyment, and psychological consequences, such as post-traumatic stress disorder.

Additional risks for complications from infibulations include urinary and menstrual problems, infertility, laser surgery (defibulation and reinfibulation), and painful sexual intercourse.

Sexual intercourse can only take place after opening the infibulation, through surgery or penetrative sexual intercourse. Consequently, sexual intercourse is frequently painful during the first weeks after sexual initiation, and the male partner can also experience pain and complications.

When giving birth, the scar tissue might tear, or the opening needs to be cut to allow the baby to come out.

After childbirth, women from some ethnic communities are often sown up again to make them “tight” for their husbands (reinfibulation). Such cutting and restitching of a woman’s genitalia result in painful scar tissue.

A multi-country study by WHO in six African countries showed that women who had undergone FGM, had significantly increased risks for adverse events during childbirth, and that genital mutilation in mothers has negative effects on their newborn babies. According to the study, an additional one to two babies per 100 deliveries die as a result of FGM.

Female genital mutilation in Nigeria

Nigeria, due to its large population, has the highest absolute number of female genital mutilation (FGM) worldwide, accounting for about one-quarter of the estimated 115–130 million circumcised women in the world.

The objective of this review is to ascertain the current status of FGM in Nigeria.

Pertinent literature on FGM retrieved from internet services FGM in Nigeria the national prevalence rate of FGM is 41% among adult women. Evidence abounds that the prevalence of FGM is declining.

The ongoing drive to eradicate FGM is tackled by World Health Organization, United Nations International Children Emergency Fund, Federation of International Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO), African Union, The economic commission for Africa, and many women organizations. However, there is no federal law banning FGM in Nigeria. There is a need to eradicate FGM in Nigeria.

Approaches in curbing female genital mutilation in Nigeria

Education of the general public at all levels with an emphasis on the dangers and undesirability of FGM is paramount.

Though FGM is practiced in more than 28 countries in Africa and a few scattered communities worldwide, its burden is seen in Nigeria, Egypt, Mali, Eritrea, Sudan, Central African Republic, and the northern part of Ghana where it has been an old traditional and cultural practice of various ethnic groups.

The highest prevalence rates are found in Somalia and Djibouti where FGM is virtually universal.
FGM is widely practiced in Nigeria, and with its large population, Nigeria has the highest absolute number of cases of FGM in the world, accounting for about one-quarter of the estimated 115–130 million circumcised women worldwide.

In Nigeria, FGM has the highest prevalence in the south-south (77%) (among adult women), followed by the southeast (68%) and southwest (65%), but practiced on a smaller scale in the north, paradoxically tending to in a more extreme form.

Nigeria has a population of 150 million people with the women population forming 52%. The national prevalence rate of FGM is 41% among adult women.

Prevalence rates progressively decline in the young age groups and 37% of circumcised women do not want FGM to continue. 61% of women who do not want FGM said it was a bad harmful tradition and 22% said it was against religion.

Other reasons cited were medical complications (22%), painful personal experience (10%), and the view that FGM is against the dignity of women (10%).

However, there is still considerable support for the practice in areas where it is deeply rooted in local tradition. The aim of this review was to ascertain the current status of FGM in Nigeria.

Origin and significance

FGM is a practice whose origin and significance are shrouded in secrecy, uncertainty, and confusion. The origin of FGM is fraught with controversy either as an initiation ceremony of young girls into womanhood or to ensure virginity and curb promiscuity or to protect female modesty and chastity.

The ritual has been so widespread that it could not have risen from a single origin

Types/variation of Female Genital Mutilation in Nigeria

FGM practiced in Nigeria is classified into four types as follows. Clitoridectomy or Type I (the least severe form of the practice).

Type II or “sunna” is a more severe practice that involves the removal of the clitoris along with partial or total excision of the labia minora.

Type IV or other unclassified types recognized include intrucision and gishiri cuts, pricking, piercing, or incision of the clitoris and/or labia, scraping and/or cutting of the vagina (angrya cuts), stretching the clitoris and/or labia, cauterization, the introduction of corrosive substances and herbs in the vagina, and other forms.

In Nigeria, of the six largest ethnic groups, the Yoruba, Hausa, Fulani, Ibo, Ijaw, and Kanuri, only the Fulani do not practice any form.

In most parts of Nigeria, it is carried out at a very young age (minors) and there is no possibility of the individual’s consent.

Reasons to justify Female Genital Mutilation

The respondents gave reasons for FGM. They regarded FGM as a tribal traditional practice as a superstitious belief practiced for the preservation of chastity and purification, family honor, hygiene, esthetic reasons, protection of virginity and prevention of promiscuity, modification of sociosexual attitudes (countering failure of a woman to attain orgasm), increasing the sexual pleasure of husband, enhancing fertility and increasing matrimonial opportunities.

Other reasons are to prevent mother and child from dying during childbirth and for legal reasons (one cannot inherit property if not circumcised).

In some parts of Nigeria, the cut edges of the external genitalia are smeared with secretions from a snail footpad with the belief that the snail being a slow animal would influence the circumcised girl to “go slow” with sexual activities in the future.

However, FGM is often routinely performed as an integral part of social conformity and in line with community identity.

Health consequences of Female Genital Mutilation

An estimated 100–140 million girls and women worldwide are currently living with the consequences of FGM.

In Africa, about 3 million girls are at risk for FGM annually. Despite the increased international and little national attention, the prevalence of FGM overall has declined very little.

The procedure has no health benefits for girls and women.

Adverse consequences of FGM are shocked from pain and hemorrhage, infection, acute urinary retention following such trauma, damage to the urethra or anus in the struggle of the victim during the procedure making the extent of the operation dictated in many cases by chance, chronic pelvic infection, acquired gynatresia resulting in hematocolpos, vulval adhesions, dysmenorrhea, retention cysts, and sexual difficulties with anorgasmia.

Other complications are implantation dermoid cysts and keloids, and sexual dysfunction.

Obstetric complications include perineal lacerations and the inevitable need for episiotomy in infibulated parturients. Others are defibulation with bleeding, injury to the urethra and bladder, injury to the rectum, and puerperal sepsis.

Prolonged labor, delayed 2 stage and obstructed labor leading to fistulae formation, and increased perinatal morbidity and mortality have been associated with FGM

The mental and psychological agony attached with FGM is deemed the most serious complication because the problem does not manifest outwardly for help to be offered.

The young girl is in constant fear of the procedure and after the ritual, she dreads sex because of anticipated pain and dreads childbirth because of complications caused by FGM.

Such girls may not complain but end up becoming frigid and withdrawn resulting in marital disharmony.

Current situation of Female Genital Mutilation in Nigeria

FGM is widespread in Nigeria. Some sociocultural determinants have been identified as supporting this avoidable practice. FGM is still deeply entrenched in Nigerian society where critical decision-makers are grandmothers, mothers, women, opinion leaders, men, and age groups.

FGM is an extreme example of discrimination based on sex.

Often used as a way to control women’s sexuality, the practice is closely associated with girls’ marriageability. Mothers chose to subject their daughters to the practice to protect them from being ostracized, beaten, shunned, or disgraced.

There is a need for legislation in Nigeria with health education and female emancipation in society.

The process of social change in the community with a collective, coordinated agreement to abandon the practice of “community-led action” is therefore essential.

With improvement in education and social status of women and increased awareness of complications of FGM, most women who underwent FGM disapprove of the practice and only very few are prepared to subject their daughters to such harmful procedures.

According to a study in 1994, Nigeria joined other members of the 47 World Health Assembly to resolve to eliminate FGM.

Steps were taken so far to achieve this include establishment of a multisectoral technical working group on harmful traditional practices (HTPs), the conduct of various studies and national surveys on HTPs, launching of a regional plan of action, and formulation of a national policy and plan of action, which was approved by the Federal Executive Council for the elimination of FGM in Nigeria.

However, there is no federal law prohibiting the practice of FGM in Nigeria. This is the main reason for the slow progress on declining the prevalence of FGM.

Despite the increased international and little national attention, the prevalence of FGM overall has declined very little. The prevalence depends on the level of education and the geographic location.

At the grassroots, efforts should be taken to join in the crusade to say “NO” to FGM anywhere it is practiced among our people.

It is crude, dangerous, wicked, and unhealthy. FGM is not required by any religion and there is no scientific evidence that women who have been mutilated are more faithful or better wives than those who have not undergone the procedure. It is very clear that there is no single benefit derived from FGM.

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Have you ever wondered what to do after someone has a seizure? This article will equip you with more on the relevant actions to take.

Is no doubt that millions of persons worldwide are affected by convulsion as a result of fever, seizure, and other medical conditions. Which in most cases are characterized by spasms.

Convulsion is a general term that people use to describe uncontrollable muscle contractions.
Some people interchangeably use the word ‘Seizure’ but they have differences.

Introduction to what to do after someone has a seizure

A seizure is an electrical disturbance in the brain and can as well cause someone to have a convulsion, but this is not always the case.

It can either affect a part of a person’s body or affect the whole body therefore, is important to know what to do after someone has a seizure.

Causes of seizure

It is a common symptom of an epileptic seizure. Epilepsy According to Epilepsy foundation is a condition that causes a person to experience many seizures. In a few cases, epileptic seizures result in convulsions.
The most common type of seizure is a Tonic-Clonic seizure. Tonic means being firm and still while Clonic means sudden short and sharp movement.

When air forcefully passes through a person’s vocal cord, the person may make a groaning sound. While some epileptic seizures result in Convulsion others don’t.
For instance, ‘Absence seizure’ is when a person remains motionless without response during an electrical disturbance in the brain.

Febrile seizures

According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), febrile seizures can affect children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years who are experiencing a fever.
Febrile seizures cause convulsions that typically last up to 5 minutes.
The majority of febrile seizures do not have any lasting negative impact on a child. They are generally harmless and do not require treatment.

However, if the seizure goes on for more than 5 minutes, or the child does not recover quickly, it is essential to call an ambulance.

Non-epileptic seizures

Emotional stress lead to seizures. According to the NINDS, non-epileptic seizures are seizures that appear to be epilepsy but are not due to electrical disturbances in a person’s brain.

Doctors believe non-epileptic seizures are “psychogenic” illnesses. This means they occur due to mental or emotional stress. For this reason, doctors sometimes refer to them as “psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.”
Doctors often recommend psychological therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, to help treat non-epileptic seizures. These treatments help a person manage the underlying stress causing the seizures.

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia

The National Centre for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare condition that causes convulsions. PKD seizures typically happen after a person experiences a sudden motion, such as being startled or standing up.

Convulsions typically last less than 5 minutes but can last longer in some cases. A person will usually experience fewer episodes as they get older.
It is a genetic condition, which means a parent can pass it on to their children.
Research has found that anticonvulsant drugs, such as carbamazepine are an effective treatment for PKD.

Medication reactions

In rare cases, certain medications can cause epileptic seizures with convulsions. The Epilepsy Foundation provides an extensive list of toxins and drugs that could trigger epileptic seizures.

Migraines

There is some evidence that migraines may lead to epileptic seizures. This is called migralepsy.
However, other research disputes this understanding of migralepsy. More research is necessary to help determine whether migralepsy is a distinct condition.

what to do after someone has a seizure

let’s take it gradually to understand the dos and don’ts during a convulsive episode
Placing a person experiencing convulsions on their side can assist their breathing. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), if a person is experiencing convulsions over most of their body, there are various first-aid practices someone can do to help them.
These include:

1. placing them on the floor so they do not fall and hurt themselves
2. putting them onto their side so they can breathe easily and equally clearing the area of hard or sharp objects
3. placing something soft and flat under their head
4. removing their glasses
5. loosening or removing anything around their neck, such as a tie or a necklace
6. calling an ambulance if the seizure continues for more than 5 minutes
7. Outlook

If a person is experiencing convulsions, the first thing to do is to make sure they are safe. If the convulsions do not stop after 5 minutes, call an ambulance.
If convulsions happen regularly, it is vital to speak to a doctor to determine the underlying cause.
Some conditions that cause convulsions will pass with age, while others require medication to reduce their occurrence.

In either case, a doctor will work with someone to develop an individualized treatment plan for your episode.

conclusion on What to do after someone has a seizure

knowing the right things to do during a seizure would go a long way in preventing further health conditions.

seizures can be embarrassing sometimes but when the proper actions are taken, things can get better. The 7 approaches on what to do when someone has a seizure are essential pieces for everyone.

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